MOTION DETECTION SENSOR
A passive infrared sensor is an electronic sensor that measures infrared light radiating from objects in its field of view. They are most often used in PIR-based motion detectors. PIR sensors are commonly used in security alarms and automatic lighting applications. Technically, PIR is made of a pyroelectric sensor, which can detect different levels of infrared radiation. For example, everything emits varying levels of radiation, and the level of radiation will increase with the increase of the object’s temperature.
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General Description:
A passive infrared sensor is an electronic sensor that measures infrared light radiating from objects in its field of view. They are most often used in PIR-based motion detectors. PIR sensors are commonly used in security alarms and automatic lighting applications. Technically, PIR is made of a pyroelectric sensor, which can detect different levels of infrared radiation. For example, everything emits varying levels of radiation, and the level of radiation will increase with the increase of the object’s temperature.
Working Principle:
The PIR Sensor is pretty complicated when compared to the other sensors. The PIR Sensor has 2 slots, and the slots are made of sensitive material. When the sensor is inactive, then the two slots will sense the same amount of IR. The ambient amount radiates from the outdoors, walls or rooms, etc.
When a human body or any animal passes by, it intercepts the first slot of the PIR sensor. This causes a positive differential change between the two bisects. But when the body leaves the sensing area, the sensor generates a negative differential change between the two bisects.
Specifications:
1. The supply voltage range is 3.3 V to 5 V.
2. Working current ranges from 12 to 20 mA.
3. Sensitivity is adjustable within the range of 120 to 530 μV.
4. Maximum detecting range is 2 meters at 25 ℃.
5. Sensor chip model: S16-L221D.
6. low power consumption.
7. Compact size
8. Considered cost-effective for various applications.
Requirements
| S. No. | Component Name | Values |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Voltage Regulator (XC6206P302) – 3.3V | |
| 2 | S16-L221D (PIR sensor) | |
| 3 | Capacitors | 10 µF, 100nF, |
| 4 | Resistors | 4.7k, 1M, 39k |
Pin configuration:
| S. No. | Pins | Pin Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | GND | Connect to the ground |
| 2 | VCC | Connect to 3.3v to 5V |
| 3 | NC | No Connection |
| 4 | REL | Connect to Digital Output |
Applications:
1. Home and Business Security Systems
2. Automatic Lighting Systems
3. Industrial Machinery Monitoring
4. Structural Health Monitoring
5. Aerospace Industry
6. Security Alarm System
7. Human Detection System
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